A Study of the English Translation of Hot Words in Chinese Newspapers from the Perspective of Relevance Theory: Taking Examples from China Daily Website in 2020基于关联理论的中国新闻热词英译研究—以中国日报网2020年新闻热词为例开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

1. introduction1.1 research backgroundnews hot words, to some extent, reflect the social phenomena of some periods that arouse much public attention. they are of strong epochal characters and sociality. with the widespread popularity of online media and the rapid dissemination of information, news hot words gradually become the mainstream of new media development at home and abroad. as the national english daily newspaper in china, china daily serves as a significant window for china to promote the local culture, and it has been widely accepted by foreigners as an important medium to know about china. in recent years, instead of the traditional form of newspapers, china daily releasing news relies more on the form of new media, such as websites and phone apps. the weekly hot words section of its website provides a large number of english translations of news words for english enthusiasts to find accurate english terms of new ideas. it is the reason that the news hot words from 2020 china daily are selected in this thesis to seek a new theoretical perspective for the translation strategies and practice of news hot words.1.2 research purpose and significancegenerally speaking, this thesis aims to analyze the english translations of news hot words by means of relevance theory and offer useful advice and guidance for the translation of news hot words. in order to understand and translate chinese news hot words better, three main research methods are used in this thesis including literature research, comparative analysis, and content analysis.in the aspect of theoretical significance, under the guidance of relevance theory, this research first discusses the english translations of news hot words, and then summarizes the characteristics of these news hot words. based on the analysis of various translation purposes of chinese news hot words, the thesis reveals its overall translation strategy so as to provide some suggestions on the related research on news hot words.in terms of practical significance, based on the further exploration of various factors which influence the overall translation quality, this thesis is designed to offer effective advice for the study of english translations of news hot words, and assists translators in improving their ability to solve the translation difficulties of news hot words. with the improvement of translations quality of news hot words, chinese culture soft power will be strengthened, thus contributing to the promotion of chinas powerful position.1.3 the structure of the thesisthe present study is made up of six parts. the research background, purpose and significance, and the layout of the thesis are included in the first part. the second part introduces and summarizes the current studies on news translation and news hot words, and gives a review of the development of relevance theory and the translation research from the perspective of relevance theory, and also analyzes the significance of the theory in the translation of news hot words. chapter three is composed of two parts. one is the basics of relevance theory, and the other is the research on translation from the aspect of the theory. the fourth chapter is the classification of different news hot words and english translation purposes of chinese news hot words. chapter five investigates and analyzes the english translation of chinese news hot words by means of relevance theory, and then points out the existing problems and puts forward corresponding translation principles. the last chapter concludes the study by major findings and contributions, as well as the limitation and suggestions for improvement.2. literature review 2.1 previous studies on news translationas a particular text, news has its own distinctive value and stylistic characteristics. therefore, the translation of news is different from other texts. news translation has been studied from diverse aspects, including language function, text structure and ideological differences. text structure is quite relevant to the concept of frame (goffman, 1981) proposed by goffman and bells narrative structure view (bell, 1991). faircloughs interpretation of discourse practice (fairclough, 1989) and fowlers critical analysis of social structure and discourse practice (fowler, 1991) are the most representative works of function and difference of ideology. nowadays, with the rapid globalization of economy, news translation has become a bridge between china and other countries. an increasing number of relevant experts have been attracted by news translation, which has become the most heated research fields.statistics indicate that domestic research on news translation fell further behind that in western countries. how to help foreigners know china has marked the beginning of combination and theoretical and practical research of news translation (duan, 2004). in 20th century, translation studies flourished greatly and peaked in the 1970s. at that time, the extension of translation studies was extending beyond the boundaries of language and started to integrate into culture. professor huangs book three accordance purposes for external publicity in chinese translators journal was published, solving the difficulties in news translation (huang, 2004). it was proposed by chen that the focus of news translation is the standard of the equivalent of the leading. such translation equivalent refers to maintain the information relevance between the target text and the source text. what she believes is that classifying the leading correctly is the prerequisite of good news leading translation, as well as adopting different translation methods according to the specific classification (chen, 2001). in 2005, after collecting and processing many random samples, such a conclusion was been drawn by long that passive voice is most frequently used in english news compared with other kinds of texts (long, 2005). additionally, many scholars also study the news translation from different angles, including research on words, sentences, rhetoric, punctuation and so on. various translation theories have been used to analyze and explain the standards and methods of news translation, such as functional translation theory, context theory and relevance theory.2.2 research on translating news hot wordsrecently, the popularization of network technology has accelerated the advance of global integration. news hot words have become one of the most heated research objects that attract a large number of scholars.so far, as a branch of functionalist translation theory, skopos theory is frequently used in the study of news hot words translation. a supporter of skopos theory, zhao thinks that it is necessary for translators to overcome the challenge of culture differences, put themselves in the place of target readers and think about the different knowledge level, actual needs and cultural background, thus making it acceptable for target readers to understand some news hot words with unique chinese characteristics. (zhao, 2015). in her view, domestication may be more appropriate to translate news hot words. in addition to skopos theory, relevance theory is also popular among scholars to explore the better methods and principles of news hot words translation. generally, based on years of study, there are three major categories of domestic news hot words. the first category is the distinctive chinese news hot words created by western mainstream media. gu once conducted an investigation on such hot words and found that western mainstream media, such as time and newsweek, usually maintain chinese characteristics in the progress of translating terms of chinese culture and concepts (gu, 2005). researches on new words with chinese characteristics pertain to the second category. professor zhang introduced the english translation of new words with their characteristics, standards, mistakes and countermeasures in his book on translation of chinese neologisms into english published in 2001(zhang, 2001).the third category is the new words published recently in chinese-english dictionaries and vocabularies of english translation of new words, such as a dictionary of chinese press neologisms with english translation and yangs chinese-english expressions of current events, etc. (yang, 2002).to sum up, the above discussion shows that the translation of news hot words has become a heated topic that attracts more and more researchers. the achievements have greatly guided the study of english translation of news hot words and translation practice. however, there is still room for improving these researches and powerful arguments.2.3 translation studies from the perspective of relevance theoryrelevance theory was first proposed by sperber and wilson in 1986. it is a scientific cognitive approach of analyzing the differences between different languages, and then extends them to respective cultures and concepts, thus reaching the optimization of reasoning mechanism. in 1991, gutt, a student of wilson, found that relevance theory was applied in various translation phenomena and proved the explanatory power and applicability of relevance theory in his book translation and relevance: cognition and context (gutt, 1991). according to relevance theory, translation is a specific way of communication and abides by the final communication rules. in other words, translation is a process of reasoning, and the translator strives to achieve the optimal relevance between two languages.under the framework of relevance theory, the relation between the two parties is very close, as well as the content and topic of the conversation, the speaker and the listener. so it is important for two sides to interpret the real meaning of the others expression. according to sperber and wilson, relevance theory is composed of a definition of optimal relevance, two principles of relevance: cognitive principle and communicative principle. these two principles are essential in translation practice. especially, cognitive principle is the core part of successful communicative activities between the speaker and the hearer, that is, communication makes it easy for the hearer to understood the meaning expressed by the speaker, thus achieving the substantive results. the two sides should use their cognitive and comprehensive skills to infer the speakers emotions, thoughts, intentions through the speakers expression and the situation and then generate the cognition. the communitive principle is the basis of the communication. it requires that two parties should have the same goal in order to ensure the quality of communication. from the perspective of relevance theory, translation is a communicative activity between the translator and the original author, the translator and the target reader. therefore, it is essential for translators to understand the authors intentions and attitude, choose the acceptable form of language, thus meeting the target readers needs.according to relevance theory mentioned above, relevance is the basic principle in translating chinese news hot words. the translator should adopt any appropriate translation method to provide the target readers with the most adequate context effect, obtain the optimal relevance and achieve the best communication effect. due to the different cognitive environment between china and foreign countries, foreign readers may have difficulty in understanding some chinese news hot words with distinctive chinese characteristics. this thesis aims to make a study of chinese news hot words translation based on relevance theory and takes some examples from the website of china daily in 2020 to explore the suitable principles of translating chinese news hot words.referencesbell, a. (1991). the language of news media. oxford: blackwell.clark, b. (2013). relevance theory. cambridge: cambridge university press.fairclough, n. (1989). language and power. london: longman.fowler, r. (1991). language in the news: discourse and ideology in the press. london: routledge.gutt, e-a. (2014). implicit information in literary translation: a relevance-theoretic perspective. target. international journal of translation studies, 8(2), 239-256.gutt, e-a. (2014). translation and relevance: cognition and context. new york: routledge.hatim, b. (2001). teaching and researching translation. edinburgh: pearson education limited.hornby, a. s. (2016). oxford advanced learners dictionary (9th ed.). shanghai: the commercial press.newmark, p. (1988). a textbook of translation. new york: prentice hall.newmark, p. (2001). approaches to translation. shanghai: shanghai foreign language education press.sperber, d. wilson, d. (2001). relevance: communication and cognition. oxford: basil blackwell.陈明瑶（2001），论等值标准与新闻导语翻 译，《上海科技翻译》，2: 11-14。

陈曦 （2017），读者反应论视角下网络流行 语的英文翻译方法解析，《海外英语》， 10: 391-392。

段连城（2004），《对外传播学初探》。

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

Briefly speaking, the present paper makes research on the English translation of hot words in Chinese newspapers from the perspective of relevance theory by taking examples from China Daily website in 2020. Emphasis will be laid on exploring the importance of cognitive environment analysis, guidance from relevance theory and the utility values of relevance theory. Hence, the following questions will be explored by the author:How to better apprehend hot words in Chinese newspapers?What are the purposes and methods of the English translation of hot words in Chinese newspapers?What are the suitable translation approaches of hot words under the guidance of relevance theory?Based on the framework of relevance theory, this current study aims to better comprehend the distinctive characteristics of Chinese news hot words. In order to understand and translate hot words better, three main research methods are used in this thesis including literature research, comparative analysis, and content analysis. In so doing, it is hoped that, the present study can offer useful guiding principles and appropriate approaches for news hot words.In order to promote the Chinese news hot words, the present study makes use of relevance theory to investigate the English translation of hot words in Chinese newspapers. Through further exploration of various factors which influence the overall translation quality, effective advice will be offered to the translators, thus helping them improve the skills of translating news hot words. It is hoped that the research can throw fresh insight into the further in-depth study of Chinese news hot words.